I. Optical Path System Maintenance (Critical Core)
Lens Cleaning
Frequency: Daily/after each shift (increase frequency in high-dust environments).
Procedure:
Moisten a lint-free cloth with anhydrous ethanol (purity ≥99.5%) and wipe the surface of the reflector and focusing lens in one direction to avoid scratching by back-and-forth rubbing;
For stubborn stains (such as welding spatter), use a specialized lens paper or cotton swab dipped in ethanol to clean carefully. Never use ordinary tissue paper or hard objects to scratch the lens;
After cleaning, inspect the lens for damage or coating peeling, and replace damaged lenses promptly.
Optical Path Calibration
Frequency: Quarterly or after equipment relocation.
Procedure: Use a specialized laser power meter to detect energy loss in each lens, and adjust the position of the laser head through software to ensure the light spot is centered and energy is uniform.
II. Water Cooling System Maintenance (Heat Dissipation Core)
Water Quality Management
Coolant Selection: Use deionized water or specialized laser machine coolant (e.g., ethylene glycol-based antifreeze with a freezing point below -20°C). Never use tap water or mineral water (impurities can cause scaling).
Replacement Frequency:
Summer/high-load operation: Replace every 2-3 months;
Winter/low-load operation: Replace every 4-6 months;
Replace immediately if the water is turbid or the conductivity >5μS/cm.
Pipe Inspection
Check the water tank level weekly and replenish the coolant promptly if it is below the minimum mark;
Monthly, inspect water pipe connections for looseness or leaks, and clean the impurities precipitated on the inner wall of the water tank and filter (if any);
Annually, clean the water pipeline with a specialized descaling agent (such as oxalic acid solution) to remove scale and ensure smooth flow.
Water Pump and Cooling Device
Observe whether the water pump operates with abnormal noise. If there is an unusual sound, check whether the impeller is stuck or the bearing is worn;
Regularly clean the dust on the air-cooled radiator (e.g., fan, heat sink) or the debris on the water-cooled condenser to ensure heat dissipation efficiency.
III. Maintenance of Mechanical Moving Parts
Guide Rails and Lead Screws
Lubrication: Apply lithium-based grease (e.g., NLGI grade 2) to the linear guide rails and ball screws every two weeks, and wipe off excess grease with a clean cloth to prevent oil from adsorbing dust;
Cleaning: Use compressed air daily to blow away metal debris and dust in the guide rail grooves to prevent jamming and wear.
Transmission Components
Check the tension of the timing belt/gear rack and adjust the tension if loose;
Tighten the coupling and motor mounting screws of each motion axis monthly to avoid displacement caused by vibration.
Welding Head Protection
Avoid collisions: Operate the welding head at low speed to prevent collisions with workpieces or fixtures;
Nozzle Cleaning: Use compressed air to blow off the spatter inside the nozzle after each welding. If there is stubborn residue, carefully remove it with a thin needle-never strike it forcefully.
IV. Electrical and Control System Maintenance
Power Supply and Circuits
Check the input voltage (AC 220V/380V±10%) monthly for stability and ensure the ground wire is secure;
Inspect cable connectors for looseness or aging, especially the power supply for the laser and servo motor circuits. Replace damaged wires promptly.
Control System
Regularly back up welding parameter data to avoid data loss due to software failures;
Have a professional engineer upgrade the control software annually and calibrate sensors (e.g., laser power feedback, displacement encoder).
Safety Devices
Test whether the emergency stop button and door limit switch are sensitive, and ensure the laser protective baffle is intact;
Check the filter element of the smoke purifier (if equipped) and clean or replace it every 3 months to prevent dust accumulation from affecting smoke exhaust efficiency.
V. Long-Term Shutdown Maintenance (Exceeding 15 Days)
Overall Cleaning: Cover the equipment with a dust-proof cloth and remove oil stains and dust from the body surface;
Optical Path Protection: Remove the lenses and store them in a specialized box to avoid moisture and oxidation;
Water Cooling System: Drain the coolant and blow dry the pipeline with compressed air to prevent residual liquid from freezing or corroding;
Power-On Moisture Prevention: Power on the machine for 30 minutes weekly (without activating the laser) to dispel moisture with the equipment's own heat.
VI. Maintenance Records and Professional Services
Maintain a Maintenance Ledger: Record the time, content, and model of replaced parts for each maintenance to track equipment status;
Professional Inspection: Have an annual comprehensive inspection by original factory engineers, including laser power attenuation testing, optical path accuracy calibration, and core component aging assessment;
Spare Parts Stocking: Pre-purchase vulnerable parts (e.g., lenses, nozzles, timing belts) to reduce downtime in case of failures.
Always cut off the equipment power before maintenance, wear protective gloves and glasses, and avoid direct laser exposure or mechanical part injuries;
Non-professionals should not disassemble core components such as lasers or power supplies. If parameter adjustments are needed, seek training or contact technical support.